Social Life of Early Vedic Age

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The family, called Griha or Kula, was the pivot of the Rigvedic society. As the semi nomad Aryans settled in the North-West and the Punjab Valley they developed a healthy family life in which marriage was considered sacred and indissoluble.

Monogamy was the normal practice though instances of polygamy were not unknown. Polyandry, known in later days, does not appear to have come into vogue in Rigvedic times. Child marriage was unknown and the girls enjoyed considerable freedom in the choice of their consorts. Read more

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Religion In Indus Valley Civilization

There is not enough material available to know about religious practices of people Indus Valley civilization. The people did not worship their gods in temples as no temples have been found.

The most prominent deity is the Mother Goddess or Nature Goddess, whose worship seems to have been common in ancient times in all countries. “Shakti” as popularly known is seen wearing many ornaments. Her head dress looks like a fan.

A seal also portrays a highly conventionalized figure of a three-faced male God, seated Yogi-like, with animals on each side.It has been recognized as the proto-type historic Siva.

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Thethe worship of the phallic emblems, the linga was prevalent.

The most common animals of worship were the bull, the tiger, the goat, the rhinoceros, the crocodile and the snake. Modern worshippers of Shiva and Shakti also honour the bull and tiger.

Out of the birds, the dove was probably the only bird of worship.

The Arynas who succeeded the Indus Valley people dominated the scene gave shape to civilization which is considered predominately Aryan in its feature
Even religious symbols of the later Aryan times may be traced back to pre-Aryan Harappan sources, the striking horned God depicted on the Harappa seals has been accepted as Proto Siva on grounds of similarly with Siva Pashupati worshipped in post-Indus Valley ages.

The cult of the phallic worship and reverence to animals, particularly to the bull, may be cited as further examples of Indus Valley survivals into later times. A complete breach with the Indus culture is thus negated.

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